Τον Δεσπότην Και Αρχιερέα / Ton Despotin Kai Archierea
Chanted when the Bishop venerates the icons
Το ζήτημα / The issue
The controversial issue here is whether the soft chromatic fthora in the beginning of the piece signifies a change to Second mode or is it there just to remind of intervals and particularly of a high GA, so that the pentachord ZW-GA is a perfect fifth interval. The answer to this question affects (among other things) the pitch of KE immediately below ZW (the basis of the mode). If the fthora means Second Mode, then KE (which now becomes PA of Second Mode) must be low when the melody descends below it, otherwise it must be high, close to ZW which attracts it (as it happens in Barys Mode). On this page we prove with many examples that all Patriarchal psaltai did a high KE until Stanitsas in the 60's. From the recordings presented here it seems that Stanitsas, although he himself did a high KE earlier on, later introduced the practice of low KE in performance of this piece, confusing the psaltic world. Simon Karas was the first who publicly fought this innovation and supported the old Patriarchal tradition which required a high KE signifying no mode change. Unfortunately, he did not provide any reference recordings to support his views and this page fills that gap. Karas went on to say that this particular mode is what he called "Soft Chromatic Legetos". This is a purely musicological consideration that has not been examined in this page yet.

Other arguments expressed by other people (see also discussion below) supporting the validity of a high KE are:
Isokratema stays on ZW (BOY of supposed Second Mode throughout the relevant part of the piece. If it was Second Mode, then ison would move to PA (DI of supposed Second Mode).
There is no fthora or other sign of Chromaticism in the Old Notation manuscript (see below for a sample).
The soft chromatic fthora is placed at different places by different publishers of the piece in the New Notation. (see below for samples)
The same fthora appears in other pieces of Barys mode (like Anothen Oi Profitai ) but no Patriarchal psaltis does a low KE there, even those that do a low KE in "Ton Despotin". See relevant page on Analogion about Anothen ([html]).
The same fthora is placed in other pieces of Barys mode (like in the Anthologia of Petros Ephesios) where it clearly has nothing to do with affecting KE and it is obviously placed to denote a high GA. The issue has been studied and presented by Lykourgos Angelopoulos in the introduction of that Anthologia, republished a few years ago by the Greek Byzantine Choir.

Here is what Simon Karas wrote in support of the traditional chanting of this piece:
Scan from Karas' theory book (in Greek) [pdf, 284 Kb]. Simon Karas' two volume Theoretikon is available for sale at major bookstores (see Buy section).
And here is what Thrasyvoulos Stanitsas had to say (in Greek) about it, disagreeing with Karas and supporting the non-traditional view:
This recording is from an interview of Stanitsas given to Christos Tsiounis in 1987 [mp3, 820 Kb] The whole interview has been published by Christos Tsiounis and is available at major bookstores (see Buy section).
Μουσικά Κείμενα / Scores
Old Notation
Antonios Lambadarios' score (from book "Byzantine Ekklesiastike Mousike kai Ymnodia" by Fillipos Oikonomou) [jpg, 1.26 Mb]
New Classical Notation
Classical score from "Neon Mousikon Egcheiridion" by Dimitrios Protopsaltis [zip, 220 Kb]
Simon Karas' score (with his special signs) [pdf, 284 Kb]
New Analytic Notation
[pending]
Ηχογραφήσεις / Recordings
Patriarchal style
Iakovos Nafpliotis (1910s) [mp3] (offered by G. K. Michalakis)
Konstantinos Pringos (1950s) [rm] (from cmkon.org)
Thrasyvoulos Stanitsas (1960-70s) [rm] (from cmkon.org) [rm] (from ec-patr.net)
Basileios Nikolaidis [mp3] (broadcasted by L. Angelopoulos and G. Kyriakakis)
Leonidas Asteris (1990s) [rm] (from users.hol.gr)
Constantinopolitan style
Nikolaos Nikolaidis [wma] (broadcasted by S. Kissas)
Chios style
Leonidas Sfikas [wma] (recorded off L. Angelopoulos' radio broadcast by G. Monostori)
Thessaloniki style
Harilaos Taliadoros (1980-90s) [rm] (from ieropsaltis.com)
Hrysanthos Theodosopoulos (1980s) [wma] (offered by S. Gugushvili)
Angelos Kounas (Pyrgos, Ilia, 2005) [mp3] (private recording)
Hatzis Staikosrm] (from ieropsaltis.com)
Eleftherios Eleftheriadis[mp3] (from ieropsaltis.com)
Athanasios Bourlis[ra] (from ieropsaltis.com)
Athonite style
Athonite Fathers (Millenium of Xenophontos Monastery, 1998) [mp3] (from www.inathos.gr)
Academic (University) Style
Maistores of Psaltic Art (director Achilleus Chaldaiakis) [wma] (offered by B. Zacharis. Live recording from the 2nd Psaltic conference (Athens, 2003). "Eis polla" is done by the choir of Herakleion chanters)
Simon Karas style style
Greek Byzantine Choir (director Lykourgos Angelopoulos) [wma] (offered by S. Gugushvili)
Σύγκριση εκτέλεσης του ΚΕ / Comparison of interpretations of the controversial interval
Iakovos Nafpliotis's KE is quite high (compared to what most chanters do today) [mp3] (1910s)
Konstantinos Pringos seems to be almost identical to Nafpliotis [mp3] (1950s)

Thrasyvoulos Stanitsas has inconsistently performed the controversial interval (see discussion below) during his last years at the Patriarchate. Compare the following excerpts:

Initially, in his oldest recordings, he is very close, if not identical to the older versions by Pringos/Nafpliotis [mp3] (1961, Patriarchate)

Two years later KE is lower [mp3] (Sunday of Orthodoxy, 1963, Patriarchate)

And even lower here [mp3] (from cmkon.org)

However, in "Anothen oi Profetai" ([html]) which is composed in the same mode he clearly does KE higher than all the above (even though he puts a chromatic fthora in his version of the text (see his score [jpg] from cmkon.org) absent in the classical. Here is the recording [mp3]. Also worth noting here is that Konstantinos' Anthologia has the fthora from the first sign.

Stanitsas' successor Basileios Nikolaidis' KE is somewhere in the middle [mp3] (1980)
The current protopsaltis Leonidas Asteris seems to be different from all the above, closer to the low KE done by Stanitsas in his last example [mp3] (2001)
Manolis Xatzimarkos's version of the same interval is closer to Nafpliotis/Pringos [mp3] (1963)
Harilaos Taliadoros seems to be doing KE even higher than Nafpliotis [mp3] (1980s) Some versions interpret the "vareia" sign and do ZW-KE-ZW-DI where KE is even higher.
This is a live recording of Konstantinos Bilalis. [mp3] (2003) (broadcasted on ecclesia.gr radio)
The same really small interval is performed by the Athonite Fathers at Xenophontos Millenium Vigil. [mp3] (1998)
Georgios K. Michalakis, also does a high KE, [mp3] (2005) even higher after interpreting vareia [mp3] (2005)
Angelos Kounas, a student of Taliadoros, follows Taliadoros and does a high KE. [mp3] (2005)
Chrysanthos Theodosopoulos. Unlike his teacher Pringos and "neighbour" Taliadoros he does a low KE. [wma]
Athanasios Bourlis, unlike his teacher (Taliadoros), does a very low KE. [mp3]