"A Music Lesson" of the 5th cent. BC
Attic red-figure cup found in Cerveteri (ancient Caere)
Douris, 490-480 BC
Berlin, Antikenmuseum F 2285
''Let’s begin with an emblematic scene from ancient Athens. The famous Douris cup (a drinking vessel most commonly used in the symposion) is decorated with two school scenes coming from the beginning of the 5th century BC. On the left a young pupil sits opposite the music teacher, the “kitharistes” and practices on the lyra by following the teacher’s example. On the right a second youth recites a poem written on the scroll held by another teacher, the “grammatistes”. On the far right the “paidagogos”, an old slave that has brought the boy to the teachers' house observes the lesson. Several objects hang on the wall over the figures’ heads: two cups, a kados (bucket), a sybene (an aulos case) and still another lyra. In ancient Greece the ability to sing and play a musical instrument (preferably a lyre) was considered a sign of nobility and the high level of education that comes with it. Even the mighty Achilles plays the phorminx and sings to it in his free time (Iliad 10.186-89). Many representations on attic vases depict the music lesson in the 5th cent. BC reflecting the importance of musical education in the formation of the future citizen of the Athenian republic.
Ας αρχίσουμε με μία εμβληματική σκηνή από την αρχαία Αθήνα. Η διάσημη κύλικα του Δούρη είναι διακοσμημένη με δύο σκηνές σχολείου που χρονολογούνται στις αρχές του 5ου αιώνα π.Χ. Αριστερά ένα μαθητής κάθεται απέναντι στο δάσκαλό της μουσικής, τον «κιθαριστή» και εξασκείται στη λύρα ακολουθώντας το παράδειγμα του δασκάλου του. Δεξιά, ένα δεύτερος έφηβος απαγγέλει ένα ποίημα, που είναι γραμμένο στο ρολό παπύρου που κρατάει ο δάσκαλός του, ο «γραμματιστής». Στην άκρη ένας «παιδαγωγός», ο ηλικιωμένος δούλος που έφερε το παιδί στο σχολείο, παρακολουθεί το μάθημα. Στον τοίχο, πάνω από τα κεφάλια των μορφών, κρέμονται διάφορα αντικείμενα: δύο κύλικες (αγγεία πόσεως που χρησιμοποιούνταν ως επί τα πλείστον στο συμπόσιο), ένα κάδος, μία συβήνη (θήκη των αυλών) και μία ακόμη λύρα. Η ικανότητα να τραγουδάει κανείς συνοδεύοντας τον εαυτό του με ένα μουσικό όργανο (κατά προτίμηση έναν τύπο λύρας) θεωρούνταν στην αρχαία Ελλάδα σημάδι ευγενικής καταγωγής και της υψηλού επιπέδου παιδείας που αυτή συνεπάγεται. Ακόμη και ο Αχιλλέας παίζει τη φόρμιγγα και τραγουδάει σε ένα διάλλειμα του πολέμου (Ιλιάδα Ι.186-89). Πολλές παραστάσεις σε αττικά αγγεία απεικονίζουν κατά τον 5ο αιώνα το μάθημα της μουσικής αντανακλώντας πιθανόν τη σημασία της μουσικής παιδείας στη διαμόρφωση του χαρακτήρα του μελλοντικού πολίτη της αθηναϊκής δημοκρατίας.''
https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?...858.1073741830.282594348529913&type=1&theater
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Vase Number: 205092
Fabric: ATHENIAN
Technique: RED-FIGURE
Shape Name: CUP B
Provenance: ITALY, ETRURIA, CERVETERI
Date: -500 to -450
Inscriptions: Transcription: MOISA MOI AMPHI SKAMANDRON EURROON ARCHOMAEIDEN
Transcription: MOISA MOI AMPHI SKAMANDRON EURROON ARCHOMAEIDEN
Inscription: MOISAMOI APHISKAMANDRON EYRONARCHOMAI AEINDEN
DOURIS
HIPPODAMAS
Kalos/Kale: HIPODAMASKALOS
Signature: DORISEGRAPHSEN
Attributed To: DOURIS by SIGNATURE
DOURIS by SIGNATURE
Decoration: I: YOUTH AT LAVER, STOOL, STAFF, SPONGE AND ARYBALLOS SUSPENDED
I: YOUTH AT LAVER, STOOL, STAFF, SPONGE AND ARYBALLOS SUSPENDED
A: EDUCATION, DRAPED MEN SEATED, ONE WITH STAFF, ONE WITH SCROLL WITH INSCRIPTION, YOUTHS, ONE DRAPED, ONE SEATED WITH LYRE, CUP, PIPES CASE, SCROLL, LYRE AND BASKET SUSPENDED, MAN SEATED PLAYING LYRE
B: EDUCATION, SEATED MAN WITH STAFF, SEATED YOUTHS, ONE WITH WRITING TABLET, ONE PLAYING PIPES, DRAPED YOUTH, SCROLL, LYRE, BAG AND WRITING TABLET SUSPENDED
Collection Record: Berlin, Antikensammlung: F2285
Berlin, Antikensammlung: F2285
Berlin, Schloss Charlottenburg: F2285
Publication Record: Schwarzmaier, A., et al. (eds.), Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, die Antikensammlung, Altes Museum, Neues Museum, Pergamonmuseum (Berlin and Darmstadt, 2012): 113, NO.59 (COLOUR OF A AND B)
Schwarzmaier, A., et al. (eds.), Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, die Antikensammlung, Altes Museum, Neues Museum, Pergamonmuseum (Berlin and Darmstadt, 2012): 113, NO.59 (COLOUR OF A AND B)
Backe-Dahmen, A., et al., Greek Vases, Gods, Heroes and Mortals (London and Berlin, 2010): 60-61, NO.29 (COLOUR OF A AND B)
Cain, H-U., et al., Hellenismus, Eine Welt im Umbruch (Darmstadt, 2012): 84 (COLOUR OF A)
Mannack, T., Griechische Vasenmalerei, Eine Einfuhrung, 2nd edition (Darmstadt, 2012): 143, FIG.87 (A)
Smith, T.J., and Plantzos, D. (eds.), A Companion to Greek Art (Malden, 2012): I, 53, FIG.3.5 (A)
Beazley, J.D., Attische Vasenmaler des rotfigurigen Stils (Tubingen, 1925): 203.41, 474
Buschor, E., Griechische Vasenmalerei (Munich, 1914): 176 (B)
Pfuhl, E., Malerei und Zeichnung der Griechen (Munich, 1923): FIG.468 (A)
Hoppin, A., A handbook of Attic red-figured vases signed by or attributed to the various masters of the sixth and fifth centuries B.C. (Cambridge, 1919): I, 214-5
Benndorf, O., Wiener Vorlegeblatter fur archaelogische Ubungen (Vienna, 1888-1890/91): PL.6
Archaologische Zeitung: 1873, PL.1
Monumenti inediti pubblicati dall'Instituto di Corrispondenza Archeologica (Rome, 1829-91): 9, PL.54
Rodriguez Mayorgas, A., Arqueologia de la palabra, Oralidad y escritura en el mundo antiguo (Barcelona, 2010): 258, FIG.69 (DRAWING OF PARTS OF A AND B)
Bundrick, S.D., Music and Image in Classical Athens (Cambridge, 2005): 2-3, FIGS.1-2 (A, B)
Neils, J. and Oakley, J.H. (eds.), Coming of Age in Ancient Greece, Images of Childhood from the Classical Past (New Haven, 2003): 66, 245, NO.44 (I, COLOUR OF A AND B)
Hesperia: 79 (2010) 542-543, FIGS.1-2 (A, B, PART OF A)
Gagarin, M. (ed.), The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Greece and Rome (Oxford, 2010): VOLUME 3, 14 (A, B)
Taplin, O. and Wyles, R. (eds.), The Pronomos Vase and its Context (Oxford, 2010): 165, FIG.10.2 (A)
Mouseion: 49 (2005) 21, PL.10 (A)
Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies: 47 (2004) 25, FIG.2.14 (DRAWING OF PART OF B)
Boardman, J., The history of Greek vases: potters, painters and pictures (London, 2001): 225, FIG.244 (PART OF A)
Atti del Convegno di Studi sulla Magna Grecia: 19 (1979) PL.3.2 (PART OF A)
Berger, E. (ed.), Parthenon-Kongress Basel: Referate und Berichte, 4. bis 8. April 1982, II (Mainz, 1984): PL.3.1 (A)
Moon, W.G. (ed.), Polykleitos, the Doryphoros, and Tradition (Madison) 1995: 26, FIG.3.2 (DRAWING OF A AND B)
Renfrew, C., and Bahn, P., Archaeology, Theories, Methods and Practice, 2nd edition (London, 1996): 176 TOP LEFT (DRAWING OF PART OF B)
Tiverios, M.A., Elliniki techni, archaia angaia (Athens, 1996): 156, FIGS.132-133 (COLOUR OF A AND B)
Corpus Vasorum Antiquorum: BERLIN, ANTIQUARIUM 2, 29-30, PLS.(1006,1007) 77.1-2, 78.1-4
Beazley, J.D., Paralipomena (Oxford, 1971): 374
Corpus Vasorum Antiquorum: BERLIN, ANTIQUARIUM 3, 19, PL.(1056) 127.1.5
Burn, L., and Glynn, R., Beazley Addenda (Oxford, 1982): 117
Das Altertum: 34 (1988) 3, 140, FIG.9 (B)
West, M.L., Ancient Greek Music (Oxford, 1992): PL.11 (A)
Robertson, C.M., The art of vase-painting in classical Athens (Cambridge, 1992): 91, FIG.83 (A)
Beazley, J.D., Attic Red-Figure Vase-Painters, 2nd edition (Oxford, 1963): 426, 431.48, 1653, 1701
Carpenter, T.H., with Mannack, T., and Mendonca, M., Beazley Addenda, 2nd edition (Oxford, 1989): 237
Blanck, H., Das Buch in der Antike (Munich, 1992): 24, FIG.9 (DRAWINGS OF A AND B)
International Congress of Classical Archaeology, 12, Athens, 1983. Praktika, 2-3 Tou XII Diethnous Synedriou Klasikes Archaiologias, Athena, 4-10 Sep: B, PL.37.1 (PART)
Knittlmayer, B. and Heilmeyer, W-D., Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Die Antikensammlung, Altes Museum - Pergamonmuseum (Mainz, 1998): 80, NO.39 (COLOUR OF A)
Furtwangler, A. und Reichhold, K., Griechische Vasenmalerei (Munich, 1904-32): III, 87, FIG.43, PL.136.1 (A, B, I)
Heilmeyer, W-D., et al., Antikenmuseum Berlin, Die ausgestellten Werke (Berlin, 1988): 106, NO.2 (PART OF A AND B)
Buitron-Oliver, D., Douris, A Master-Painter of Athenian Red-Figure Vases (Mainz, 1995): PL.58, NO.88 (I, A, B)
Schulze, H., Ammen und Padagogen, Sklavinnen und Sklaven in der antiken Kunst und Gesellschaft (Mainz, 1998): PL.4.1 (A)
Archeologia, Rocznik Instytuto Archeologii i Etnologii Polskiej Akademii Nauk: 44 (1993) 121, FIG.3 (PART OF A)
Archeo, Attualita di Passato: 151 (SEPTEMBER 1997) 62 (DRAWING)
Beazley, J.D., Attic Red-Figure Vase-Painters, 2nd edition (Oxford, 1963): 1585
Das Altertum: 23 (1977) 67 (A)
CAVI Collection: Berlin 2285.
CAVI Lemma: RF cup. From Cerveteri. Douris. Python, potter. First quarter fifth. 490-480.
CAVI Subject: Int.: athlete taking off his sandals; with clothes, and higher up, sponge and aryballos; on his right, his stick; standed basin. A-B: school scenes{1}.
CAVI Inscriptions: Int.: at left, starting above the cothes and running along themargin, ending above the youth: Δορις εγραφσεν. Ext.: below the top margin, widely spaced: A: hιπ[π]οδαμας καλος. On the book roll: Μοισα μοι α[ν]φι Σκαμανδρον ευρων αρχομαι αει{ν}δεν. vac. B: hιπ[π]οδαμας [κα]λος.
CAVI Footnotes: {1} note that B (music instruction) has hanging on the wall a rolled and bound-up book roll and a tied-up set of tablets.
http://www.beazley.ox.ac.uk/XDB/ASP/recordDetails.asp?recordCount=23&start=0
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http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/image?img=Perseus:image:1992.07.0231
